从“创意”到“表达”：综艺节目模式版权化的法律路径
From Concept to Expression: Legal Pathways to the Copyright Protection of Variety Show Formats
提交：2025-04-05修改：2025-06-10录用：2025-06-10出版：2025-06-30
文化法学评论, 2025, 2(1), 25-35; https://doi.org/10.12414/clr.250471
课题资助：自筹经费，无利益冲突需要说明
摘要：传统版权法将综艺节目模式禁锢于“创意”的认知框架，片面适用“思想与表达二分法”，使得其处于思想与表达的模糊地带而无法得到有效保护。尽管综艺节目模式涉及的诸多元素如流程设计、规则设定等具有独创性，但模式本身却无法固化为具体作品，常常被视为思想而非表达。在当今时代背景下，综艺节目模式的版权保护必须与产业实践和技术进步相适应，通过制度创新实现版权法与【更多...】
关键词：综艺节目模式；版权；思想与表达二分法
关键词： 综艺节目模式；版权；思想与表达二分法
摘要
摘 要：
传统版权法将综艺节目模式禁锢于“创意”的认知框架，片面适用“思想与表达二分法”，使得其处于思想与表达的模糊地带而无法得到有效保护。尽管综艺节目模式涉及的诸多元素如流程设计、规则设定等具有独创性，但模式本身却无法固化为具体作品，常常被视为思想而非表达。在当今时代背景下，综艺节目模式的版权保护必须与产业实践和技术进步相适应，通过制度创新实现版权法与文化创作的有效对接，以促进文化创意产业的健康发展。本文拟通过借鉴金庸诉江南案的裁判逻辑，提出综艺节目模式版权保护的新思路。综艺节目模式的创作者可以通过独特的元素组合和系统性构建，形成具有“内在逻辑连贯性”的叙事整体，即便个别元素属于公有领域，整体的组合创新也可以突破思想范畴，成为受版权保护的“结构化表达”。
传统版权法将综艺节目模式禁锢于“创意”的认知框架，片面适用“思想与表达二分法”，使得其处于思想与表达的模糊地带而无法得到有效保护。尽管综艺节目模式涉及的诸多元素如流程设计、规则设定等具有独创性，但模式本身却无法固化为具体作品，常常被视为思想而非表达。在当今时代背景下，综艺节目模式的版权保护必须与产业实践和技术进步相适应，通过制度创新实现版权法与文化创作的有效对接，以促进文化创意产业的健康发展。本文拟通过借鉴金庸诉江南案的裁判逻辑，提出综艺节目模式版权保护的新思路。综艺节目模式的创作者可以通过独特的元素组合和系统性构建，形成具有“内在逻辑连贯性”的叙事整体，即便个别元素属于公有领域，整体的组合创新也可以突破思想范畴，成为受版权保护的“结构化表达”。
关键词：综艺节目模式；版权；思想与表达二分法
Abstract:
Traditional copyright regimes have historically constrained television program formats within the rigid conceptual categorization of "Ideas", mechanically applying the idea-expression dichotomy. This doctrinal oversimplification perpetuates legal ambiguities, relegating formats to an unprotected liminal space between abstract concepts and tangible expressions. While constituent elements of program formats—such as procedural choreography, rule frameworks, and participant dynamics—may independently satisfy originality thresholds, the holistic format resists conventional categorization as a "Fixed Work", often dismissed as unprotectable idea rather than protectable expression. In the digital era, copyright protection for program formats demands urgent recalibration to synchronize with evolving industrial practices and technological realities. Institutional innovation must bridge the growing chasm between static legal frameworks and dynamic creative ecosystems, thereby catalyzing sustainable growth in cultural industries. Building upon the jurisprudential paradigm established in Jin Yong v. Jiang Nan—where derivative works gained protection through systematic reconfiguration of narrative architecture—this study posits a transformative framework: Program format creators can transcend the idea-expression binary through innovative synthesis of functional components. When such elements coalesce into a narratively coherent system with identifiable internal logic—even utilizing public-domain ingredients—the aggregate configuration may constitute a "Structured Expression" meriting copyright protection as an original intellectual creation.
Traditional copyright regimes have historically constrained television program formats within the rigid conceptual categorization of "Ideas", mechanically applying the idea-expression dichotomy. This doctrinal oversimplification perpetuates legal ambiguities, relegating formats to an unprotected liminal space between abstract concepts and tangible expressions. While constituent elements of program formats—such as procedural choreography, rule frameworks, and participant dynamics—may independently satisfy originality thresholds, the holistic format resists conventional categorization as a "Fixed Work", often dismissed as unprotectable idea rather than protectable expression. In the digital era, copyright protection for program formats demands urgent recalibration to synchronize with evolving industrial practices and technological realities. Institutional innovation must bridge the growing chasm between static legal frameworks and dynamic creative ecosystems, thereby catalyzing sustainable growth in cultural industries. Building upon the jurisprudential paradigm established in Jin Yong v. Jiang Nan—where derivative works gained protection through systematic reconfiguration of narrative architecture—this study posits a transformative framework: Program format creators can transcend the idea-expression binary through innovative synthesis of functional components. When such elements coalesce into a narratively coherent system with identifiable internal logic—even utilizing public-domain ingredients—the aggregate configuration may constitute a "Structured Expression" meriting copyright protection as an original intellectual creation.
Keywords: Variety Show Formats; Copyright; Idea-Expression Dichotomy
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